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Velocity of M2
How fast the money supply turns over against GDP.
1.41
Ratio · latest, Apr 2026
vs prior quarter→ 0.0%
vs year ago▲ 1.2%
| Year | Velocity of M2 |
|---|---|
| 1959 | 1.78 |
| 1960 | 1.74 |
| 1961 | 1.74 |
| 1962 | 1.70 |
| 1963 | 1.67 |
| 1964 | 1.65 |
| 1965 | 1.69 |
| 1966 | 1.74 |
| 1967 | 1.69 |
| 1968 | 1.72 |
| 1969 | 1.77 |
| 1970 | 1.75 |
| 1971 | 1.69 |
| 1972 | 1.67 |
| 1973 | 1.74 |
| 1974 | 1.78 |
| 1975 | 1.75 |
| 1976 | 1.70 |
| 1977 | 1.72 |
| 1978 | 1.82 |
| 1979 | 1.86 |
| 1980 | 1.87 |
| 1981 | 1.89 |
| 1982 | 1.80 |
| 1983 | 1.80 |
| 1984 | 1.82 |
| 1985 | 1.79 |
| 1986 | 1.72 |
| 1987 | 1.78 |
| 1988 | 1.81 |
| 1989 | 1.83 |
| 1990 | 1.84 |
| 1991 | 1.86 |
| 1992 | 1.95 |
| 1993 | 2.02 |
| 1994 | 2.14 |
| 1995 | 2.15 |
| 1996 | 2.18 |
| 1997 | 2.18 |
| 1998 | 2.14 |
| 1999 | 2.15 |
| 2000 | 2.13 |
| 2001 | 1.98 |
| 2002 | 1.92 |
| 2003 | 1.94 |
| 2004 | 1.96 |
| 2005 | 2.00 |
| 2006 | 1.99 |
| 2007 | 1.97 |
| 2008 | 1.81 |
| 2009 | 1.72 |
| 2010 | 1.74 |
| 2011 | 1.64 |
| 2012 | 1.58 |
| 2013 | 1.56 |
| 2014 | 1.54 |
| 2015 | 1.50 |
| 2016 | 1.45 |
| 2017 | 1.45 |
| 2018 | 1.46 |
| 2019 | 1.44 |
| 2020 | 1.17 |
| 2021 | 1.16 |
| 2022 | 1.25 |
| 2023 | 1.37 |
| 2024 | 1.39 |
| 2025 | 1.41 |
| 2026 | 1.41 |
Hover the line to read any month. Drag across the chart to zoom; double-click to reset.
Source: FRED · M2V · series · Jan 1959 to Apr 2026 · latest-revised
Refreshed Jul 31, 2026 from FRED.
How fast the money supply turns over against GDP.
Ratio of nominal GDP to the M2 money stock: how fast a dollar of M2 turns over.
Source: FRED · Apr 2026 · Full lesson → Learn
About the bands. Shaded spans are NBER-dated US recessions, drawn as factual overlays. They mark when the economy contracted, not why. Lining an event up with a move is not evidence it caused the move.